Biomarkers Pancreas

The following list has been reviewed and approved by the European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR).

PANCREAS	Biomarkers	Level of evidence	Single centre/ Multicentre/ metaanalysis	Retrospective (R) Prospective (P)	Indication	Patient prep	Data acquisition requirements	Image processing algorithm
Biomarkers in development/ not recommended	ADC ^1!	2b	Single center	P	Predictive of response to CT	No	2 b value: 400 and 1000	ROI, Manual delineation
	ADC ^2!	2b	Single center	P	Predictive of histologic response to CT	No	3b values: 0,50,800	Manual delineation by trained observers
	ADC ^3!	2b	Single center	P	Predictive of histologic response to CT	No	4b values: 0,100, 500, 800	Manual delineation by trained observers VOI, histogram analysis
	ADC, IVIM derived parameters^4!	2b	Single center	P	Early Predictor of response to CT	No	9b values:0 ,10,20,30,40,50,150,300,1000	Manual delineation by trained observer VOI, histogram analysis
	ADC^5!	2b	Single center	P	Predictor of OS	No	2 b value: 0 and 600	ROI, Manual delineation (single slice)
	ADC^6!	2b	Single center	P	Predictor of OS	No	3 b value: 50, 300, 600	ROI, Manual delineation (single slice)
	ADCmin^8!	2b	Single center	P	Predictor of OS	No	3 b value: 0, 600, 1000	ROI, Manual delineation (single slice)
	DWI-volume^4!	2b	Single center	P	Early Predictor of response to CT	No	9b values:0 ,10,20,30,40,50,150,300,1000	Manual delineation by trained observer VOI, histogram analysis
	ADC^7!	2b	Single center	P	Correlation with fibrosis	No	2 b value: 0 and 1000	ROI, manual delineation by trained observers (single slice)
	ADC^{6, 9!}	2b	Single center	P	Correlation with fibrosis	No	2 b value: 0 and 500	ROI, manual delineation by trained observers (single slice)
	D^10!	2b	Single center	P	Correlation with fibrosis	No	11b values: 0,25,50,75,100,150,200,300,400,600,800	VOI, manual delineation by trained observers
	Ktrans, vi,vp1^1!	2b	Single center	P	Correlation with fibrosis and MVD	No	DCE	One comp and Modified two-compTofts model analysis
	IVIM derived parameters^12!	2b	Single center	P	Correlation with fibrosis and cellular density	No	10b values: 0,25,50,75,100,150,200,400,600,800	ROI, manual delineation by trained observers
	IVIM derived parameters^{13, 15!}	2b	Single center	P	Differentiation benign/malignant	No	11b values^13-14!^{(as per ref 112)} 11 b values: 0,10,20,30,50,70,100,150,200,400, 800^15!	VOI, manual delineation by trained observers ^13-14!^{(as per ref 12)} ROI, manual delineation by trained observers ^15!
	IVIM derived parameters^16!	2b	Single center	R	Differentiation benign/malignant	No	10 b values: 0,25,50,75,100,150,200,500, 800, 1000	ROI, manual delineation by trained observers
	IVIM derived parameters^17!	2b	Single center	R	Differentiation benign/malignant	No	10 b values: 0,10, 25,50,75,100,200,400, 600, 900	ROI, manual delineation by trained observers
	ADC^{18, 7!}	2b	Single center	R	Correlation with Tumour grade	No	2 b value: 0 and 1000 2 b value: 0 and 500	Manual delineation by trained observer
	Ktrans, BV^19!	2b	Single center	R	Predictive of response to Treatment	No	CT perfusion	Manual delineation by trained observer
	Ktrans, Kep, ve^20!	2b	Single center	P	Predictive of response to Treatment	No	DCE	Two-comp model analysis
	Ktrans^21!	2b	Single center	P	Predictive of response to Treatment	No	DCE	Two-comp model analysis (tofts)

Biomarkers Pancreas

References