Biomarkers Pancreas
The following list has been reviewed and approved by the European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR).
|
PANCREAS |
Biomarkers |
Level of evidence |
Single centre/ Multicentre/ metaanalysis |
Retrospective (R) Prospective (P) |
Indication |
Patient prep |
Data acquisition requirements |
Image processing algorithm |
|
|
Biomarkers in development/ not recommended |
ADC 1! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Predictive of response to CT |
No |
2 b value: 400 and 1000 |
ROI, Manual delineation |
|
|
ADC 2! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Predictive of histologic response to CT |
No |
3b values: 0,50,800 |
Manual delineation by trained observers |
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|
ADC 3! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Predictive of histologic response to CT |
No |
4b values: 0,100, 500, 800 |
Manual delineation by trained observers VOI, histogram analysis |
||
|
ADC, IVIM derived parameters4! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Early Predictor of response to CT |
No |
9b values:0 ,10,20,30,40,50,150,300,1000
|
Manual delineation by trained observer VOI, histogram analysis |
||
|
ADC5! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Predictor of OS |
No |
2 b value: 0 and 600 |
ROI, Manual delineation (single slice) |
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|
ADC6! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Predictor of OS |
No |
3 b value: 50, 300, 600 |
ROI, Manual delineation (single slice) |
||
|
ADCmin8! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Predictor of OS |
No |
3 b value: 0, 600, 1000 |
ROI, Manual delineation (single slice) |
||
|
DWI-volume4! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Early Predictor of response to CT |
No |
9b values:0 ,10,20,30,40,50,150,300,1000
|
Manual delineation by trained observer VOI, histogram analysis |
||
|
ADC7! |
2b |
Single center
|
P |
Correlation with fibrosis |
No |
2 b value: 0 and 1000 |
ROI, manual delineation by trained observers (single slice) |
||
|
ADC6, 9! |
2b |
Single center
|
P |
Correlation with fibrosis |
No |
2 b value: 0 and 500 |
ROI, manual delineation by trained observers (single slice) |
||
|
D10! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Correlation with fibrosis |
No |
11b values: 0,25,50,75,100,150,200,300,400,600,800 |
VOI, manual delineation by trained observers |
||
|
Ktrans, vi,vp11! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Correlation with fibrosis and MVD |
No |
DCE |
One comp and Modified two-compTofts model analysis |
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|
IVIM derived parameters12! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Correlation with fibrosis and cellular density |
No |
10b values: 0,25,50,75,100,150,200,400,600,800 |
ROI, manual delineation by trained observers |
||
|
IVIM derived parameters13, 15! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Differentiation benign/malignant |
No |
11b values13-14!(as per ref 112) 11 b values: 0,10,20,30,50,70,100,150,200,400, 80015! |
VOI, manual delineation by trained observers 13-14!(as per ref 12) ROI, manual delineation by trained observers 15! |
||
|
IVIM derived parameters16! |
2b |
Single center |
R |
Differentiation benign/malignant |
No |
10 b values: 0,25,50,75,100,150,200,500, 800, 1000
|
ROI, manual delineation by trained observers |
||
|
IVIM derived parameters17! |
2b |
Single center |
R |
Differentiation benign/malignant |
No |
10 b values: 0,10, 25,50,75,100,200,400, 600, 900
|
ROI, manual delineation by trained observers |
||
|
ADC18, 7! |
2b |
Single center |
R |
Correlation with Tumour grade |
No |
2 b value: 0 and 1000 2 b value: 0 and 500
|
Manual delineation by trained observer |
||
|
Ktrans, BV19! |
2b |
Single center |
R |
Predictive of response to Treatment |
No |
CT perfusion |
Manual delineation by trained observer |
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|
|
Ktrans, Kep, ve20! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Predictive of response to Treatment |
No |
DCE |
Two-comp model analysis |
|
|
|
Ktrans21! |
2b |
Single center |
P |
Predictive of response to Treatment |
No |
DCE |
Two-comp model analysis (tofts) |
|
|
|
|
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- Niwa T, Ueno M, Ohkawa S, Yoshida T, Doiuchi T, Ito K, Inoue T. Advanced pancreatic cancer: the use of the apparent diffusion coefficient to predict response to chemotherapy. Br J Radiol. 2009 Jan;82(973):28-34.
- Okada KI1, Hirono S1, Kawai M1, Miyazawa M1, Shimizu A1, Kitahata Y1, Ueno M1, Hayami S1, Kojima F2, Yamaue H1 Value of apparent diffusion coefficient prior to neoadjuvant therapy is a predictor of histologic response in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2017 Mar;24(3):161-168
- A pilot study of diffusion-weighted MRI in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiation for pancreatic cancer Cuneo KC, Chenevert TL, Ben-Josef E, Feng MU, Greenson JK, Hussain HK, Simeone DM, Schipper MJ, Anderson MA, Zalupski MM, Al-Hawary M, Galban CJ, Rehemtulla A, Feng FY, Lawrence TS, Ross BD. Transl Oncol. 2014 Oct 24;7(5):644-9.
- Bali MA, Pullini S, Metens T, Absil J, Chao SL, Marechal R, Matos C, Peerboccus BM, Van Laethem JL. Assessment of response to chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Comparison between diffusion-weighted MR quantitative parameters and RECIST Eur J Radiol. 2018 Jul;104:49-57.
- Pre-treatment DWI as a predictor of overall survival in locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated with Cyberknife radiotherapy and sequential S-1 therapy. Zhang Y, Zhu X, Liu D, Song J, Zhang H, Lu J. Cancer Imaging. 2018 Feb 22;18(1):6.
- Heid I, Steiger K, Trajkovic-Arsic M, Settles M, Eßwein MR, Erkan M, Kleeff J, Jäger C, Friess H Co-clinical Assessment of Tumor Cellularity in Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2017 Mar 15;23(6):1461-1470.
- Ma W1, Li N, Zhao W, Ren J, Wei M, Yang Y, Wang Y, Fu X, Zhang Z, Larson AC, Huan Y. Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Pancreatic Cancer: Characteristics and Correlation With Histopathologic Parameters. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2016 Sep-Oct;40(5):709-16
- Chen BB, Tien YW, Chang MC, Cheng MF, Chang YT, Yang SH, Wu CH, Kuo TC, Shih IL, Yen RF, Shih TT. Multiparametric PET/MR imaging biomarkers are associated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2018 Jul;45(7):1205-1217.
- Muraoka N, Uematsu H, Kimura H, Imamura Y, Fujiwara Y, Murakami M, Yamaguchi A, Itoh H. Apparent diffusion coefficient in pancreatic cancer: characterization and histopathological correlations. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008 Jun;27(6):1302-8.
- Klauß M, Gaida MM, LemkeA, Gru ̈nberg K, Simon D, Wente MN, Delorme S, Kauczor HU, Grenacher L, Stieltjes, B Fibrosis and Pancreatic Lesions Invest Radiol 2013;48: 129Y133
- Bali MA, Metens T, Denolin V, Delhaye M, Demetter P, Closset J, Matos C. Tumoral and nontumoral pancreas: correlation between quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging and histopathologic parameters. Radiology. 2011 Nov;261(2):456-66
- Hecht EM1, Liu MZ1, Prince MR1, Jambawalikar S1, Remotti HE2, Weisberg SW2, Garmon D3, Lopez-Pintado S4, Woo Y5, Kluger MD3, Chabot JA3. Can diffusion-weighted imaging serve as a biomarker of fibrosis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma? J Magn Reson Imaging. 2017 Aug;46(2):393-402
- Lemke A, Laun FB, Klauss M, Re TJ, Simon D, Delorme S, Schad LR, Stieltjes B. Differentiation of pancreas carcinoma from healthy pancreatic tissue using multiple b-values: comparison of apparent diffusion coefficient and intravoxel incoherent motion derived parameters. Invest Radiol. 2009 Dec;44(12):769-75.
- Klauss M, Lemke A, Grünberg K, Simon D, Re TJ, Wente MN, Laun FB, Kauczor HU, Delorme S, Grenacher L, Stieltjes B. Intravoxel incoherent motion MRI for the differentiation between mass forming chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma. Invest Radiol. 2011 Jan;46(1):57-63
- De Robertis R, Cardobi N, Ortolani S, Tinazzi Martini P, Stemmer A, Grimm R, Gobbo S, Butturini G, D’Onofrio M Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MR imaging of solid pancreatic masses: reliability and usefulness for characterization. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2018 Jun 28.
- Kang KM, Lee JM, Yoon JH, Kiefer B, Han JK, Choi BI. Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MR imaging for characterization of focal pancreatic lesions. Radiology. 2014 Feb;270(2):444-53
- Kim B, Lee SS, Sung YS, Cheong H, Byun JH, Kim HJ, Kim JH. Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging of the pancreas: Characterization of benign and malignant pancreatic pathologies. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2017 Jan;45(1):260-269.
- Wang Y, Chen ZE, Nikolaidis P, McCarthy RJ, Merrick L, Sternick LA, Horowitz JM, Yaghmai V, Miller FH Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of pancreatic adenocarcinomas: association with histopathology and tumor grade. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2011 Jan;33(1):136-42
- Park MS, Klotz E, Kim MJ, Song SY, Park SW, Cha SW, Lim JS, Seong J, Chung JB, Kim KW. Perfusion CT: noninvasive surrogate marker for stratification of pancreatic cancer response to concurrent chemo- and radiation therapy. Radiology. 2009 Jan;250(1):110-7
- Akisik MF, Sandrasegaran K, Bu G, Lin C, Hutchins GD, Chiorean EG. Pancreatic cancer: utility of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging in assessment of antiangiogenic therapy. Radiology. 2010 Aug;256(2):441-9
- Kim H, Morgan DE, Schexnailder P, Navari RM, Williams GR, Bart Rose J, Li Y, Paluri R. Accurate Therapeutic Response Assessment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using Quantitative Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging With a Point-of-Care Perfusion Phantom: A Pilot Study. Invest Radiol. 2018 Aug 22.