AI Blog

Welcome to the blog on Artificial Intelligence of
the European Society of Radiology

This blog aims at bringing educational and critical perspectives on AI to readers. It should help imaging professionals to learn and keep up to date with the technologies being developed in this rapidly evolving field.

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Latest posts

An A.I. classifier derived from 4D radiomics of dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI data: potential to avoid unnecessary breast biopsies

In this retrospective study, the authors aimed to evaluate a temporally and spatially resolved (4D) radiomics approach to distinguish benign from malignant enhancing breast lesions, thereby avoiding unnecessary biopsies. The authors determined that the investigated automated 4D radiomics approach resulted in an accurate AI classifier that was able to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions, the application of which could

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Pneumothorax detection in chest radiographs: optimizing artificial intelligence system for accuracy and confounding bias reduction using in-image annotations in algorithm training

Due to the noisy annotation quality of public training data and confounding thoracic tubes, the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) pneumothorax (PTX) detection in chest radiographs is limited. Therefore, the authors of this study hypothesized that in-image annotations of the dehiscent visceral pleura for algorithm training boosts the algorithm’s performance and suppresses confounders. Their results in this study are

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Development and multicenter validation of a CT-based radiomics signature for predicting severe COVID-19 pneumonia

The authors of this study aimed to develop and validate a radiomics nomogram for the prompt prediction of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. This was done through the retrospective collection of 316 COVID-19 patients (246 non-severe and 70 severe cases), which were allocated to training, validation, and testing cohorts. The authors found that the CT-based radiomics signature showed favourable predictive efficacy for

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Radiomics approach for survival prediction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The idea of quantification of disease severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with CT has been introduced as early as the late 1980s with the so-called ‘density mask’ method for emphysema quantification. Since then, many novel methods of quantification, including the assessment of airway wall thickening, air trapping, vascular change and so on, have been introduced, and many studies

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Machine learning based on clinical characteristics and chest CT quantitative measurements for prediction of adverse clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

In this study, the authors aimed to develop and validate a machine learning model for the prediction of adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. They discovered that their findings could be used to facilitate the prediction of adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19, as well as may allow efficient utilization of medical resources and individualized treatment plans for COVID-19

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Radiology artificial intelligence, a systematic evaluation of methods (RAISE): a systematic review protocol

The review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO and adheres to the PRISMA protocols. We decided to undertake the systematic review because while there is huge hype around potential clinical applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology, there is a chasm between the promise and the implementation. We also felt that many papers in the field deal with a narrow range

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Opportunistic osteoporosis screening in multi-detector CT images using deep convolutional neural networks

In this study, the authors explored the application of deep learning in patients with primary osteoporosis. Furthermore, they aimed to develop a fully automatic method based on a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) for vertebral body segmentation and bone mineral density (BMD) calculation in CT images. The authors were able to determine that a deep learning-based method could achieve full

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How to read and review papers on machine learning and artificial intelligence in radiology: a survival guide to key methodological concepts

In this article, the authors aimed to guide and inform the radiology community regarding key methodological aspects of machine learning (ML) in order to improve their academic reading and peer-review experience. This was done so within four broad categories: study design, data handling, modelling, and reporting. Key points Machine learning is new and rather complex for the radiology community. Validity,

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Diagnostic performance for pulmonary adenocarcinoma on CT: comparison of radiologists with and without three-dimensional convolutional neural network

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are often used in the area of image recognition. We constructed the three dimensional (3D)-CNN model to predict pulmonary invasive adenocarcinoma (IVA) in this study. When supported by the 3D-CNN model, a less-experienced radiologist showed improved diagnostic accuracy for diagnosing IVA without deteriorating any diagnostic performances, resulting in the increase in the sensitivity of IVA diagnosis

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To buy or not to buy—evaluating commercial AI solutions in radiology (the ECLAIR guidelines)

Artificial intelligence (AI) has certainly made impressive progress over the past few years. Consequently, many companies have entered the market bombarding radiologists with diagnostic AI tools aiming to help them in their clinical practice. Navigating through this plethora of AI product offerings can be quite challenging at times. How do you know if the marketing claims could hold up in

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